Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information.

In RFLP analysis, the DNA of an organism is cut up into fragments using restriction enzymes. A large number of short fragments of DNA will be produced.
Restriction enzymes always cut at the same base sequence.
Because no two individuals have identical DNA, no two individuals will have the same length fragments. For
example, the enzyme EcoRI always cuts DNA at the sequence GAATTC.
Different people  have different numbers of this particular sequence and will therefore have different fragment
lengths.  some of them will be at different locations on the chromosome.
DNA were placed on the gelatin.
The DNA bands must be stained to make them visible.
Ethidium bromide-stained DNA will fluoresce when illuminated with UV light.
PCR techniques are used to produce sufficient quantities of DNA for this technique.

Some of the techniques used to transfer DNA  cells into animals and plants are

1) Bacterial carriers
2) Biolistics
3) Calcium phosphate precipitation
4) Electroporation
5) Gene silencing
6) Gene splicing
7) Lipofection
8) Microinjection
9)Viral carriers.

GM stands for "genetically modified". An organism, such as a plant, animal or bacterium, is considered genetically modified if its genetic material has been altered through any method, including conventional breeding. A "GMO" is a genetically modified organism.

GE stands for "genetically engineered". An organism is considered genetically engineered if it was modified using techniques that permit the direct transfer or removal of genes in that organism. Such techniques are also called recombinant DNA or rDNA techniques.