It's a combination of software and hardware Which are embedded by Kiel compiler to perform desired task.

alternate answer:
Embedded systems refer to devices, instruments or large engineering structures/systems that are built to handle one or a few pre-established tasks. The computer controlling the whole thing is built into or 'embedded' within the device.

hard real time operation is time dependent and is completed at a fixed duration whereas in soft real time os operation is guaranted but it is not time dependent.

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n = 1234;
char p[20];
itoa(n,s,10);
printf("n=%d,s=%s",n,s);
return 0;
}
itoa(n,s,10);

Notice that the itoa() function takes three arguments: the first argument is the number you want to convert to the string, the second is the destination string to put the converted number into, and the third is the base,
or radix, to be used when converting the number.

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#define cat(x,y) x##y concatenates x to y. But cat(cat(1,2),3) does not expand but gives preprocessor warning. Why?

in this case the cat(x,y) is the macro which is defined by using the preprocessor directive , this will be substituted only at the place where it is called in this example it happens like this

cat(1,2)##3 which will once again become 1##2##3
here if we use ## in between we can join or concatenat only two variables that why it gives a preprocessor warning

The public data members of the base class will becoome the private members of thederived class and hence are visible but private data members of base class are not accessible to derived class .

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Arrays can't be passed by values. Because , the array name is evaluated to be a pointer to the first element of the array. e.g. when we pass array x, its equivalent to &x[0] i.e. pointer to the first element. Its type is, therefore, int *, and a called function uses this pointer (passed as an argument) to indirectly access the elements of the array.
e.g . int main()
{
void function1(int A[],int n);

int x[10],i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{ x[i] = 10;
 }
  function1(x,10);
}
void function1(int A[],int n)
{ ..../* some processing on the array */
}
In the above example,prototype shows the first formal parameter as an integer array without specifying the size. In C, this syntax is interpreted as a pointer variable; so array A is declared as an int * variable.
This is the unique feature of C is that array access is always indirect; thus making it particularly easy for a called function to indirectly access elements of an array and store or retrieve values.