White biotechnology, also known as grey biotechnology, is biotechnology applied to
industrial processes. An example is the designing of an organism to produce a
useful chemical. White biotechnology tends to consume less in resources than
traditional processes when used to produce industrial goods.

Traditional breeding techniques involve mixing thousands of genes, which in addition to providing the beneficial trait, also result in the loss of other traits of that crop considered to be valuable.
Significant time and effort is required to restore the other valued traits of that crop while maintaining the
desired trait using traditional breeding techniques.
Genetic modification permits food developers to add or enhance useful traits more specifically or remove
undesirable traits.
The technology permits food developers to add a desired trait in a more precise manner than traditional breeding without the loss of other beneficial characteristics since unwanted genes are not transferred.

GMO - Genetically modified organism (GMO) is Genetic material of an organism is  altered with the help of genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. DNA molecules from one source is combined with the DNA of other in vitro into one molecule to create a new gene. The recombinant DNA is then transferred into an organism causing the expression of modified or novel traits. The product is also known as an Genetically Engineered Organism or GEO.

Examples Transgenic animals (mice, fish),  transgenic plants (BT Cotton, Flavour Savour Tomato), or various microbes (fungi and bacteria) . The production and use of GMOs are ivolved in biology or medicine, for the production of pharmaceuticals and industrial enzymes, and for direct, and often controversial, applications aimed at improving human health (e.g., gene therapy) or agriculture (e.g., golden rice). For example, a gene from a jellyfish, encoding a fluorescent protein called GFP, can be physically linked and thus co-expressed with mammalian genes to identify the location of the protein encoded by the GFP-tagged gene in the mammalian cell. The indispensable use of GMO is in many areas of research, such as to study the mechanisms of human and other diseases .

GM products, and GM plants in particular, will have a positive impact on the environment by reducing agricultural chemical use and by promoting good agricultural practices such as no-till agriculture.
These crops could effect the environment through
1) transfer of the GM traits to other plants
2) harm to non-target species
3) increased resistance to commonly used insecticides and herbicides

A transgenic organism is one whose genome has been subject to artificial
modification. A transgenic organism may result when foreign DNA is inserted into
the nucleus of a fertilized embryo. Bacterial transformation is another example of a process that leads to a transgenic organism.

Food biotechnology is a process scientists use to enhance the production, nutritional value, safety, and taste of foods. It can also benefit the environment by improving crops so that they need fewer pesticides.