Firewalls can't protect very well against things like viruses or malicious software (malware). There are too many ways of encoding binary files for transfer over networks, and too many different architectures and viruses to try to search for them all. In other words, a firewall cannot replace security-consciousness on the part of your users. In general, a firewall cannot protect against a data-driven attack--attacks in which something is mailed or copied to an internal host where it is then executed.

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Properly configured firewalls can limit the propagation of worms - a form of malware.  Typically, firewalls are edge or parameter devices (separates network zones) and most viruses and malware targets end points (user workstations and servers).

An authentication mechanism in which a Web container provides an application-specific form for logging in. This form of

authentication uses Base64 encoding and can expose user names and passwords unless all connections are over SSL.

1) bit error rate. The ratio of received bits that contain errors.
2) basic encoding rules. Rules for encoding data units described in the ISO ASN.1 standard.

Digital coding scheme where a mid-bit-time transition is used for clocking, and a transition at the beginning of each bit time denotes a zero. The coding scheme used by IEEE 802.5 and Token Ring networks.

GMO - Genetically modified organism (GMO) is Genetic material of an organism is  altered with the help of genetic engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA technology. DNA molecules from one source is combined with the DNA of other in vitro into one molecule to create a new gene. The recombinant DNA is then transferred into an organism causing the expression of modified or novel traits. The product is also known as an Genetically Engineered Organism or GEO.

Examples Transgenic animals (mice, fish),  transgenic plants (BT Cotton, Flavour Savour Tomato), or various microbes (fungi and bacteria) . The production and use of GMOs are ivolved in biology or medicine, for the production of pharmaceuticals and industrial enzymes, and for direct, and often controversial, applications aimed at improving human health (e.g., gene therapy) or agriculture (e.g., golden rice). For example, a gene from a jellyfish, encoding a fluorescent protein called GFP, can be physically linked and thus co-expressed with mammalian genes to identify the location of the protein encoded by the GFP-tagged gene in the mammalian cell. The indispensable use of GMO is in many areas of research, such as to study the mechanisms of human and other diseases .

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The science of cryptography has existed in one form or another for centuries.
Cryptography is the art of encoding and decoding messages for transmission between two parties, while keeping the message secret from unwanted viewers. There are many common implementations of cryptography in use today such as the HTTPS protocol on the Internet. All forms of data encryption and cryptography require a key in some form or another for use in encoding and decoding data. There are even some modern methods of encryption that have been mathematically proven to be unbreakable if they are
implemented properly.The inherent problem with any form of cryptography is in the method of key distribution.To date, all forms of message encryption have possessed this major vulnerability. As such, it makes no difference whether a secret message is sent via homing pigeon, a radio transmission, a penciled message on a notepad, or whispering to another, there is no physical way to get a cryptographic key to another without running the risk of  the key being intercepted.To solve this dilemma, a radical solution has been proposed called quantum cryptography. This method essentially uses photon light particles to send a key to an intended recipient. The difference with this method of key distribution is that it implements quantum mechanic's uncertainty principle as a means to guarantee the privacy of a key during distribution. Practically, quantum cryptography has the ability to afford complete privacy during the entire broadcast of an encoded message.
In quantum computing, we use the concept of qubits, superposition and coherence. A normal bit can be in only two states - 0 and 1. But a qubit it can be in 0, 1, or in the superposition of 0 and 1.
Quantum computers, will be much much faster than traditional silicon based compuers

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an 8-bit character encoding (code page) used on IBM mainframe operating systems such as z/OS, OS/390, VM and VSE, as well as IBM minicomputer operating systems such as OS/400 and i5/OS (see also Binary Coded Decimal). It is also employed on various non-IBM platforms such as Fujitsu-Siemens' BS2000/OSD, HP MPE/iX, and Unisys MCP. It descended from punched cards and the corresponding six bit binary-coded decimal code that most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s used.